Before ECMAScript 2015, module management had to be ad-hoc or provided by 3rd-party libraries such as Node.js, Webpack, or RequireJS. Fortunately, ES2015, provides language-standard mechanisms for module management, import and export, and older usages should be converted.

Noncompliant Code Example

// circle.js
exports.area = function (r) {
  return PI * r * r;
};

// foo.js
define(["./cart", "./horse"], function(cart, horse) {  // Noncompliant
  // ...
});

// bar.js
const circle = require('./circle.js');  // Noncompliant

Compliant Solution

// circle.js
let area = function (r) {
  return PI * r * r;
}
export default area;

// foo.js
import cart from "./cart.js";
import horse from "./horse.js";

// bar.js
import circle from "./circle.js"